War crimes against indian army by pakistan in kargil war

 The Pakistan Army has been accused of various war crimes and violations of international humanitarian law during conflicts with India, particularly in the context of the wars of 1947–48, 1965, 1971, the Kargil conflict of 1999, and ongoing hostilities in Jammu & Kashmir. While not all acts have been officially recognized as “war crimes” by international courts (due to lack of formal proceedings), several serious allegations have been made, including:


                     



1. Brutality Against Indian Soldiers (Kargil War 1999)


Torture and Mutilation of Indian Soldiers:


One of the most well-documented war crimes was the torture and mutilation of Captain Saurabh Kalia and five other Indian soldiers in 1999 during the Kargil conflict.


Reports submitted by India indicated they were captured alive, brutally tortured (burns, organ damage, gouging of eyes, broken bones), and then killed.


India raised the issue with international bodies but no formal action was taken due to lack of jurisdiction.





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2. Violations of the Geneva Conventions (1971 War)


Mistreatment of Indian POWs:


There were allegations that Indian Prisoners of War (POWs) were mistreated, although the number was small compared to Pakistani POWs in Indian custody (over 90,000).


The Red Cross could not fully verify conditions due to restricted access.





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3. Terrorist Proxy Warfare (Post-1989 Kashmir Insurgency)


While not conventional warfare, Pakistan's support for insurgents in Jammu & Kashmir is widely seen as a violation of international law:


Arming and Training Terrorists: Pakistan has been accused of running training camps for jihadist groups such as Lashkar-e-Taiba and Jaish-e-Mohammed.


Cross-Border Infiltration: Systematic infiltration of trained militants into Indian territory, leading to attacks on civilians and security forces.


1993 Mumbai Blasts & 2008 Mumbai Attacks: Though not traditional war crimes, these acts of terrorism were facilitated by Pakistani nationals and indirectly linked to elements within the Pakistan Army or ISI.





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4. Ceasefire Violations and Civilian Targeting


Over the years, the Pakistan Army has violated ceasefire agreements thousands of times.


Civilian areas in Indian Jammu & Kashmir have been targeted with:


Mortars, sniper fire, and shelling


Resulting in civilian deaths, destruction of property, and trauma, which violates the laws of distinction and proportionality under the Geneva Conventions.





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5. Use of Non-State Actors in Hybrid Warfare


This includes sending non-uniformed operatives (like during the Kargil War) to fight as regular troops, violating the laws of armed conflict which require combatants to distinguish themselves.


These actions blur the lines between combatants and non-combatants, complicating legal accountability and constituting a war crime under Article 4 of the Geneva Convention III.




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6. Human Shield Allegations (Indirect and Proxy Wars)


Allegations exist that groups backed by the Pakistan Army have used civilians as human shields in cross-border skirmishes or proxy attacks.


This is a serious war crime under international humanitarian law.




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7. Beheading and Mutilation of Indian Soldiers


Multiple incidents have been reported over the years (e.g., in 2013 and 2017) where Pakistani Border Action Teams (BATs) crossed the Line of Control (LoC), ambushed Indian patrols, and beheaded/mutilated Indian soldiers.


Such acts are war crimes under Article 3 of the Geneva Convention and are considered barbaric violations of accepted wartime conduct.





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Summary Table:


War/Conflict Alleged War Crime Details


Kargil War (1999) Torture & mutilation of Indian soldiers Capt. Kalia & team tortured; Geneva Convention breach

1971 War Mistreatment of Indian POWs Alleged violation of humanitarian standards

Kashmir Insurgency Use of terrorism and proxy warfare State support for non-state actors

Ceasefire violations Civilian targeting Shelling homes, killing civilians

Cross-border skirmishes Beheading and mutilation of soldiers Several documented incidents

Ongoing hybrid warfare Non-uniformed combatants Kargil intruders as "mujahideen"




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Legal & Diplomatic Response:


India has repeatedly raised these issues at the United Nations, International Red Cross, and bilateral talks.


However, lack of a neutral war crimes tribunal and the absence of Pakistan’s accountability mechanisms have limited international response.


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