Security in Contemporary World
Here are 100 short questions with answers from the chapter "Security in the Contemporary World" based on political science (suitable for Class 12 or general studies):
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Concept of Security
1. Q: What is security in international relations?
A: Protection from threats to a state's survival and well-being.
2. Q: What are the two types of security?
A: Traditional and Non-traditional.
3. Q: What does traditional security focus on?
A: Military threats and defense from external aggression.
4. Q: What is the main focus of non-traditional security?
A: Human security and threats beyond warfare like terrorism, pandemics, and climate change.
5. Q: Name a major cause of traditional security concern.
A: War.
6. Q: What is the key element of state sovereignty?
A: Territorial integrity.
7. Q: What does national security prioritize?
A: Protection of borders and citizens from external threats.
8. Q: What is meant by external security?
A: Protection from foreign aggression or invasion.
9. Q: Define internal security.
A: Maintaining peace and law within a country.
10. Q: Which doctrine emphasizes the use of military force for defense?
A: Realist doctrine.
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Traditional Notion of Security
11. Q: What is arms race?
A: Competition among states to accumulate weapons.
12. Q: What is deterrence?
A: Preventing war by maintaining strong defense.
13. Q: Which wars are examples of traditional threats?
A: World War I and World War II.
14. Q: What is meant by balance of power?
A: Preventing any one state from becoming too powerful.
15. Q: What does collective security imply?
A: Security of one is the concern of all.
16. Q: Name an international organization promoting collective security.
A: United Nations.
17. Q: What was NATO's original purpose?
A: Military alliance for collective defense.
18. Q: What is war?
A: Armed conflict between states or groups.
19. Q: What is disarmament?
A: Elimination of weapons.
20. Q: What is arms control?
A: Regulation of arms production and deployment.
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Non-Traditional Notions of Security
21. Q: Name a major non-traditional security threat.
A: Climate change.
22. Q: What is human security?
A: Security of individuals from hunger, disease, and repression.
23. Q: Who introduced the concept of human security?
A: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
24. Q: When was the UNDP Human Development Report published?
A: 1994.
25. Q: What is meant by economic security?
A: Ensuring basic income and livelihood.
26. Q: What is health security?
A: Protection from diseases and unhealthy conditions.
27. Q: What is environmental security?
A: Protection from environmental degradation.
28. Q: What is food security?
A: Access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food.
29. Q: What is political security?
A: Protection of human rights and freedoms.
30. Q: What is community security?
A: Protection of traditional relationships and cultures.
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Global Security Challenges
31. Q: Name one global organization ensuring human security.
A: United Nations.
32. Q: What is terrorism?
A: Use of violence for political or ideological goals.
33. Q: What is cyber security?
A: Protection of internet systems from digital attacks.
34. Q: What is refugee crisis?
A: Mass displacement due to war, persecution, or disaster.
35. Q: What does nuclear proliferation mean?
A: Spread of nuclear weapons to more countries.
36. Q: What are WMDs?
A: Weapons of Mass Destruction.
37. Q: Give an example of a non-state actor threatening security.
A: Terrorist groups.
38. Q: What is human trafficking?
A: Illegal trade of humans for forced labor or sex.
39. Q: What does bio-security deal with?
A: Protection against biological threats and diseases.
40. Q: Name an epidemic with global impact.
A: COVID-19.
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Regional and National Security
41. Q: What is national interest?
A: A country’s goals and ambitions.
42. Q: Name one country India has border conflicts with.
A: China.
43. Q: What is insurgency?
A: Armed rebellion against a recognized authority.
44. Q: What is coastal security?
A: Protection of sea borders and coastlines.
45. Q: What is maritime security?
A: Security of sea lanes and resources.
46. Q: Name a South Asian regional security organization.
A: SAARC.
47. Q: What is internal displacement?
A: People forced to flee homes but remain in the same country.
48. Q: What is hybrid warfare?
A: Use of conventional and unconventional tactics.
49. Q: Name one internal security challenge in India.
A: Naxalism.
50. Q: What is cross-border terrorism?
A: Terrorist acts carried out across national borders.
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Security Measures and Approaches
51. Q: What is diplomacy?
A: Managing international relations through negotiation.
52. Q: What is the role of intelligence agencies?
A: Gathering and analyzing information for security.
53. Q: What does counter-terrorism mean?
A: Measures taken to prevent terrorism.
54. Q: What is international cooperation?
A: Countries working together for global issues.
55. Q: What is cyber warfare?
A: Attacks via digital platforms for military advantage.
56. Q: What are peacekeeping forces?
A: UN-deployed forces to maintain peace.
57. Q: What is border fencing?
A: Physical barriers to prevent illegal entry.
58. Q: What is missile defense system?
A: System to intercept and destroy enemy missiles.
59. Q: What is anti-radicalization?
A: Preventing people from joining extremist groups.
60. Q: What is intelligence sharing?
A: Countries exchanging security information.
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India and Security
61. Q: Name India’s internal security agency.
A: Intelligence Bureau (IB).
62. Q: Name India’s external intelligence agency.
A: Research and Analysis Wing (RAW).
63. Q: Name the national counter-terror force in India.
A: National Security Guard (NSG).
64. Q: What is the role of the Indian Army?
A: Protecting India’s territorial integrity.
65. Q: What does BSF stand for?
A: Border Security Force.
66. Q: What does CRPF stand for?
A: Central Reserve Police Force.
67. Q: What is the role of the Indian Navy?
A: Maritime defense.
68. Q: Name an Indian missile defense system.
A: Akash missile.
69. Q: What is DRDO?
A: Defence Research and Development Organisation.
70. Q: What is the Sagar Mala Project?
A: Enhancing India's maritime security and port development.
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International Cooperation
71. Q: What is the role of UN Security Council?
A: Maintaining international peace and security.
72. Q: What is the Geneva Convention about?
A: Humanitarian treatment during war.
73. Q: What is CTBT?
A: Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty.
74. Q: What is NPT?
A: Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
75. Q: What is the main aim of IAEA?
A: Promote peaceful use of nuclear energy.
76. Q: Name a global anti-terror treaty.
A: International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings.
77. Q: What does Interpol do?
A: International policing and coordination.
78. Q: What is FATF?
A: Financial Action Task Force (combats money laundering and terrorism financing).
79. Q: What is ASEAN Regional Forum?
A: Discusses regional security in Asia-Pacific.
80. Q: Name one major arms control treaty.
A: START (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty).
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New and Emerging Threats
81. Q: What is drone warfare?
A: Use of unmanned aerial vehicles in war.
82. Q: What is AI warfare?
A: Use of artificial intelligence in military operations.
83. Q: What is space security?
A: Protection of satellites and outer space infrastructure.
84. Q: What is digital surveillance?
A: Monitoring digital activities for security.
85. Q: What is water security?
A: Access and protection of water resources.
86. Q: What is climate-induced migration?
A: People displaced due to climate change.
87. Q: What is pandemic preparedness?
A: Planning to tackle infectious disease outbreaks.
88. Q: What is weaponization of space?
A: Use of outer space for military purposes.
89. Q: What is cyber espionage?
A: Spying through digital means.
90. Q: What is an EMP attack?
A: Electromagnetic Pulse attack disabling electronics.
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Miscellaneous
91. Q: What is insurgency?
A: Armed rebellion against the government.
92. Q: What is a ceasefire?
A: Temporary stoppage of war.
93. Q: What is a no-fly zone?
A: Airspace where aircraft are not allowed to fly.
94. Q: What is a proxy war?
A: War fought indirectly through third parties.
95. Q: What is military alliance?
A: Agreement between countries for mutual defense.
96. Q: What is arms embargo?
A: Ban on weapon trade.
97. Q: What is guerrilla warfare?
A: Irregular warfare by small groups.
98. Q: What is asylum?
A: Protection given to refugees.
99. Q: What is peace-building?
A: Efforts to create lasting peace in conflict areas.
100. Q: What is war crime?
A: Violation of laws of war.
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