100 questions with answer's from the chapter environmental and natural resources
Environment and Natural Resources – 100 Questions and Answers
1. Basic Concepts
1. Q: What is the environment?
A: The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.
2. Q: What are natural resources?
A: Resources that exist without human intervention, such as air, water, minerals, and forests.
3. Q: What is ecology?
A: The study of relationships between living organisms and their environment.
4. Q: Name two types of natural resources.
A: Renewable and non-renewable.
5. Q: Give two examples of renewable resources.
A: Solar energy and wind energy.
6. Q: Give two examples of non-renewable resources.
A: Coal and petroleum.
7. Q: What is biodiversity?
A: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.
8. Q: What is sustainability?
A: Using resources in a way that preserves them for future generations.
9. Q: What is the greenhouse effect?
A: The trapping of heat in Earth’s atmosphere by greenhouse gases.
10. Q: What causes acid rain?
A: Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released into the air.
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2. Environmental Issues
11. Q: What is global warming?
A: A gradual increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases.
12. Q: Name one major greenhouse gas.
A: Carbon dioxide.
13. Q: What is deforestation?
A: The clearing of forests for other land uses.
14. Q: What are the effects of deforestation?
A: Loss of biodiversity, climate change, and soil erosion.
15. Q: What is desertification?
A: The process of fertile land turning into desert.
16. Q: What causes desertification?
A: Overgrazing, deforestation, and poor irrigation.
17. Q: What is ozone depletion?
A: Thinning of the ozone layer due to CFCs.
18. Q: What does the ozone layer protect us from?
A: Harmful ultraviolet radiation.
19. Q: What is e-waste?
A: Discarded electronic devices.
20. Q: What is meant by sustainable development?
A: Development without harming the environment.
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3. Conservation and Protection
21. Q: What is afforestation?
A: Planting trees on barren land.
22. Q: What is reforestation?
A: Replanting trees in deforested areas.
23. Q: What is wildlife conservation?
A: Protecting animals and their habitats.
24. Q: What is a biosphere reserve?
A: A protected area for conservation of biodiversity.
25. Q: What is the aim of conservation?
A: To protect natural resources for future generations.
26. Q: What is a national park?
A: A reserved area for wildlife and ecosystem protection.
27. Q: What is a sanctuary?
A: A protected area for endangered animals.
28. Q: Name one endangered species.
A: Bengal Tiger.
29. Q: What is eco-tourism?
A: Tourism that conserves the environment and supports local people.
30. Q: What is water harvesting?
A: Collecting rainwater for future use.
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4. International Agreements
31. Q: What is the Kyoto Protocol?
A: An international treaty to reduce greenhouse gases.
32. Q: When was the Kyoto Protocol signed?
A: 1997.
33. Q: What is the Paris Agreement?
A: A global agreement to limit global warming.
34. Q: What is Agenda 21?
A: A non-binding action plan for sustainable development.
35. Q: What is the Rio Earth Summit?
A: A 1992 UN conference on environment and development.
36. Q: What is UNEP?
A: United Nations Environment Programme.
37. Q: What is the purpose of the IPCC?
A: To assess climate change science.
38. Q: Which global treaty bans CFCs?
A: Montreal Protocol.
39. Q: What does COP stand for in climate summits?
A: Conference of the Parties.
40. Q: What is UNFCCC?
A: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
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5. Natural Resource Distribution
41. Q: Name a country rich in oil resources.
A: Saudi Arabia.
42. Q: Which country is known for large coal reserves?
A: China.
43. Q: Name a mineral found in India.
A: Iron ore.
44. Q: What is the main use of bauxite?
A: To make aluminum.
45. Q: Which state in India has the highest forest cover?
A: Madhya Pradesh.
46. Q: Name a river that provides water for agriculture in India.
A: Ganga.
47. Q: What is the importance of the Himalayas?
A: Source of rivers, biodiversity, and climate regulation.
48. Q: Name a desert in India.
A: Thar Desert.
49. Q: What is the Indo-Gangetic plain known for?
A: Fertile agricultural land.
50. Q: What is the Deccan Plateau rich in?
A: Minerals.
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6. Resource Conflicts
51. Q: What is a resource conflict?
A: Disputes over access to natural resources.
52. Q: Name one cause of international conflict.
A: Oil disputes.
53. Q: What is the Indus Water Treaty?
A: A water-sharing agreement between India and Pakistan.
54. Q: What is water stress?
A: When water demand exceeds supply.
55. Q: What is the root of many resource wars?
A: Scarcity and unequal distribution.
56. Q: What is the South China Sea dispute about?
A: Control over oil, gas, and fishing areas.
57. Q: What is the Nile River conflict?
A: Disputes between Egypt and Ethiopia over water usage.
58. Q: What causes land degradation?
A: Overuse of land, chemicals, and deforestation.
59. Q: What is the impact of mining?
A: Habitat loss, pollution, and displacement.
60. Q: What are environmental refugees?
A: People displaced due to environmental problems.
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7. India and Environment
61. Q: What is India's National Green Tribunal (NGT)?
A: A body that handles environmental cases.
62. Q: What is India's National Biodiversity Act?
A: A law to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable use.
63. Q: What is Ganga Action Plan?
A: A project to clean the Ganga River.
64. Q: What is Project Tiger?
A: A conservation effort to protect tigers in India.
65. Q: What is Project Elephant?
A: A program for elephant conservation.
66. Q: What is CAMPA Fund?
A: For compensatory afforestation in India.
67. Q: What is the Chipko Movement?
A: A forest conservation movement in India.
68. Q: What is India's renewable energy target by 2030?
A: 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity.
69. Q: What is Namami Gange?
A: An integrated Ganga conservation mission.
70. Q: Who is the Ministry of Environment in India?
A: The ministry responsible for environmental issues and policies.
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8. Climate Change and Effects
71. Q: What is climate change?
A: Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.
72. Q: What is carbon footprint?
A: The total greenhouse gas emissions by an individual or entity.
73. Q: What is climate resilience?
A: The ability to recover from climate-related shocks.
74. Q: What are climate refugees?
A: People displaced due to climate impacts.
75. Q: What is sea-level rise caused by?
A: Melting glaciers and ice caps.
76. Q: What is carbon trading?
A: Buying and selling of emission allowances.
77. Q: What is an emission?
A: Release of gases like CO₂ into the air.
78. Q: What is adaptation in climate change?
A: Adjusting to reduce vulnerability to climate impacts.
79. Q: What is mitigation in climate change?
A: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
80. Q: What is carbon neutrality?
A: Balancing emitted and absorbed carbon.
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9. Sustainable Practices
81. Q: What is organic farming?
A: Farming without synthetic chemicals.
82. Q: What is green energy?
A: Energy from natural, renewable sources.
83. Q: What is eco-friendly technology?
A: Technology that causes minimal harm to the environment.
84. Q: What is composting?
A: Turning organic waste into fertilizer.
85. Q: What is recycling?
A: Reusing materials to make new products.
86. Q: What is the 3R principle?
A: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
87. Q: What is rainwater harvesting?
A: Collecting rainwater for reuse.
88. Q: What is environmental impact assessment (EIA)?
A: Studying environmental effects before project approval.
89. Q: What is a green building?
A: A building that uses resources efficiently.
90. Q: What is sustainable forestry?
A: Managing forests to meet current and future needs.
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10. Future and Responsibility
91. Q: Who are the main protectors of the environment?
A: Governments, NGOs, and individuals.
92. Q: What can students do to help the environment?
A: Reduce waste, save water, plant trees.
93. Q: What is the role of education in environmental protection?
A: Creating awareness and promoting eco-friendly habits.
94. Q: What is the impact of overpopulation on environment?
A: Increased resource consumption and pollution.
95. Q: Why should we conserve water?
A: It is a limited and essential resource.
96. Q: What is the impact of plastic on environment?
A: Pollution and harm to wildlife.
97. Q: What are fossil fuels?
A: Coal, oil, and gas formed from ancient remains.
98. Q: Why should we shift to renewable energy?
A: To reduce pollution and save resources.
99. Q: What is Earth Day?
A: April 22 – to promote environmental protection.
100. Q: What is the role of youth in environmental conservation?
A: Driving awareness, action, and innovation for a green future.
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