100 questions with answer's from the chapter environmental and natural resources

 Environment and Natural Resources – 100 Questions and Answers


1. Basic Concepts


1. Q: What is the environment?

A: The surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates.



2. Q: What are natural resources?

A: Resources that exist without human intervention, such as air, water, minerals, and forests.



3. Q: What is ecology?

A: The study of relationships between living organisms and their environment.



4. Q: Name two types of natural resources.

A: Renewable and non-renewable.



5. Q: Give two examples of renewable resources.

A: Solar energy and wind energy.



6. Q: Give two examples of non-renewable resources.

A: Coal and petroleum.



7. Q: What is biodiversity?

A: The variety of plant and animal life in a particular habitat.



8. Q: What is sustainability?

A: Using resources in a way that preserves them for future generations.



9. Q: What is the greenhouse effect?

A: The trapping of heat in Earth’s atmosphere by greenhouse gases.



10. Q: What causes acid rain?

A: Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides released into the air.





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2. Environmental Issues


11. Q: What is global warming?

A: A gradual increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases.



12. Q: Name one major greenhouse gas.

A: Carbon dioxide.



13. Q: What is deforestation?

A: The clearing of forests for other land uses.



14. Q: What are the effects of deforestation?

A: Loss of biodiversity, climate change, and soil erosion.



15. Q: What is desertification?

A: The process of fertile land turning into desert.



16. Q: What causes desertification?

A: Overgrazing, deforestation, and poor irrigation.



17. Q: What is ozone depletion?

A: Thinning of the ozone layer due to CFCs.



18. Q: What does the ozone layer protect us from?

A: Harmful ultraviolet radiation.



19. Q: What is e-waste?

A: Discarded electronic devices.



20. Q: What is meant by sustainable development?

A: Development without harming the environment.





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3. Conservation and Protection


21. Q: What is afforestation?

A: Planting trees on barren land.



22. Q: What is reforestation?

A: Replanting trees in deforested areas.



23. Q: What is wildlife conservation?

A: Protecting animals and their habitats.



24. Q: What is a biosphere reserve?

A: A protected area for conservation of biodiversity.



25. Q: What is the aim of conservation?

A: To protect natural resources for future generations.



26. Q: What is a national park?

A: A reserved area for wildlife and ecosystem protection.



27. Q: What is a sanctuary?

A: A protected area for endangered animals.



28. Q: Name one endangered species.

A: Bengal Tiger.



29. Q: What is eco-tourism?

A: Tourism that conserves the environment and supports local people.



30. Q: What is water harvesting?

A: Collecting rainwater for future use.





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4. International Agreements


31. Q: What is the Kyoto Protocol?

A: An international treaty to reduce greenhouse gases.



32. Q: When was the Kyoto Protocol signed?

A: 1997.



33. Q: What is the Paris Agreement?

A: A global agreement to limit global warming.



34. Q: What is Agenda 21?

A: A non-binding action plan for sustainable development.



35. Q: What is the Rio Earth Summit?

A: A 1992 UN conference on environment and development.



36. Q: What is UNEP?

A: United Nations Environment Programme.



37. Q: What is the purpose of the IPCC?

A: To assess climate change science.



38. Q: Which global treaty bans CFCs?

A: Montreal Protocol.



39. Q: What does COP stand for in climate summits?

A: Conference of the Parties.



40. Q: What is UNFCCC?

A: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.





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5. Natural Resource Distribution


41. Q: Name a country rich in oil resources.

A: Saudi Arabia.



42. Q: Which country is known for large coal reserves?

A: China.



43. Q: Name a mineral found in India.

A: Iron ore.



44. Q: What is the main use of bauxite?

A: To make aluminum.



45. Q: Which state in India has the highest forest cover?

A: Madhya Pradesh.



46. Q: Name a river that provides water for agriculture in India.

A: Ganga.



47. Q: What is the importance of the Himalayas?

A: Source of rivers, biodiversity, and climate regulation.



48. Q: Name a desert in India.

A: Thar Desert.



49. Q: What is the Indo-Gangetic plain known for?

A: Fertile agricultural land.



50. Q: What is the Deccan Plateau rich in?

A: Minerals.





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6. Resource Conflicts


51. Q: What is a resource conflict?

A: Disputes over access to natural resources.



52. Q: Name one cause of international conflict.

A: Oil disputes.



53. Q: What is the Indus Water Treaty?

A: A water-sharing agreement between India and Pakistan.



54. Q: What is water stress?

A: When water demand exceeds supply.



55. Q: What is the root of many resource wars?

A: Scarcity and unequal distribution.



56. Q: What is the South China Sea dispute about?

A: Control over oil, gas, and fishing areas.



57. Q: What is the Nile River conflict?

A: Disputes between Egypt and Ethiopia over water usage.



58. Q: What causes land degradation?

A: Overuse of land, chemicals, and deforestation.



59. Q: What is the impact of mining?

A: Habitat loss, pollution, and displacement.



60. Q: What are environmental refugees?

A: People displaced due to environmental problems.





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7. India and Environment


61. Q: What is India's National Green Tribunal (NGT)?

A: A body that handles environmental cases.



62. Q: What is India's National Biodiversity Act?

A: A law to conserve biodiversity and ensure sustainable use.



63. Q: What is Ganga Action Plan?

A: A project to clean the Ganga River.



64. Q: What is Project Tiger?

A: A conservation effort to protect tigers in India.



65. Q: What is Project Elephant?

A: A program for elephant conservation.



66. Q: What is CAMPA Fund?

A: For compensatory afforestation in India.



67. Q: What is the Chipko Movement?

A: A forest conservation movement in India.



68. Q: What is India's renewable energy target by 2030?

A: 500 GW of non-fossil fuel capacity.



69. Q: What is Namami Gange?

A: An integrated Ganga conservation mission.



70. Q: Who is the Ministry of Environment in India?

A: The ministry responsible for environmental issues and policies.





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8. Climate Change and Effects


71. Q: What is climate change?

A: Long-term changes in temperature and weather patterns.



72. Q: What is carbon footprint?

A: The total greenhouse gas emissions by an individual or entity.



73. Q: What is climate resilience?

A: The ability to recover from climate-related shocks.



74. Q: What are climate refugees?

A: People displaced due to climate impacts.



75. Q: What is sea-level rise caused by?

A: Melting glaciers and ice caps.



76. Q: What is carbon trading?

A: Buying and selling of emission allowances.



77. Q: What is an emission?

A: Release of gases like CO₂ into the air.



78. Q: What is adaptation in climate change?

A: Adjusting to reduce vulnerability to climate impacts.



79. Q: What is mitigation in climate change?

A: Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.



80. Q: What is carbon neutrality?

A: Balancing emitted and absorbed carbon.





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9. Sustainable Practices


81. Q: What is organic farming?

A: Farming without synthetic chemicals.



82. Q: What is green energy?

A: Energy from natural, renewable sources.



83. Q: What is eco-friendly technology?

A: Technology that causes minimal harm to the environment.



84. Q: What is composting?

A: Turning organic waste into fertilizer.



85. Q: What is recycling?

A: Reusing materials to make new products.



86. Q: What is the 3R principle?

A: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.



87. Q: What is rainwater harvesting?

A: Collecting rainwater for reuse.



88. Q: What is environmental impact assessment (EIA)?

A: Studying environmental effects before project approval.



89. Q: What is a green building?

A: A building that uses resources efficiently.



90. Q: What is sustainable forestry?

A: Managing forests to meet current and future needs.





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10. Future and Responsibility


91. Q: Who are the main protectors of the environment?

A: Governments, NGOs, and individuals.



92. Q: What can students do to help the environment?

A: Reduce waste, save water, plant trees.



93. Q: What is the role of education in environmental protection?

A: Creating awareness and promoting eco-friendly habits.



94. Q: What is the impact of overpopulation on environment?

A: Increased resource consumption and pollution.



95. Q: Why should we conserve water?

A: It is a limited and essential resource.



96. Q: What is the impact of plastic on environment?

A: Pollution and harm to wildlife.



97. Q: What are fossil fuels?

A: Coal, oil, and gas formed from ancient remains.



98. Q: Why should we shift to renewable energy?

A: To reduce pollution and save resources.



99. Q: What is Earth Day?

A: April 22 – to promote environmental protection.



100. Q: What is the role of youth in environmental conservation?

A: Driving awareness, action, and innovation for a green future.


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