Important short questions withbanswer from chapter human security

1. What is human security?

Human security is a concept that emphasizes the protection of individuals from critical and pervasive threats to their lives, livelihoods, and dignity.

                  

2. Who popularized the term 'human security'?

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in its 1994 Human Development Report.

3. What are the two main aspects of human security?

Freedom from fear and freedom from want.

4. What does 'freedom from fear' imply?

Protection from violent threats such as war, terrorism, and political oppression.

5. What does 'freedom from want' imply?

Protection from poverty, hunger, disease, and environmental degradation.

6. What is the primary focus of traditional security?

Protection of the state from external aggression.

7. How does human security differ from traditional security?

It focuses on individuals rather than the state.

8. What does comprehensive security include?

Both traditional military security and human security elements.

9. Which UN report emphasized human security first?

The 1994 UNDP Human Development Report.

10. List the seven dimensions of human security according to UNDP.

Economic, food, health, environmental, personal, community, and political security.

11. What is economic security?

Assurance of basic income and employment opportunities.

12. What is food security?

Availability and access to sufficient and nutritious food.

13. What is health security?

Protection from diseases and access to healthcare services.

14. What is environmental security?

Protection from environmental degradation and disasters.

15. What is personal security?

Protection from physical violence and threats.

16. What is community security?

Protection of cultural identity and support from social networks.

17. What is political security?

Respect for human rights and freedoms.

18. What role does the state play in human security?

Ensures citizens' welfare through policies and governance.

19. Name an organization working globally on human security.

United Nations (UN).

20. Is human security only about peace and war?

No, it includes broader issues like poverty, health, and environm

21. Name a major global threat to human security.

Climate change.

22. How does war affect human security?

It leads to displacement, death, poverty, and trauma.

23. Name a pandemic that affected global human security recently.

COVID-19.

24. How does poverty relate to human security?

It undermines access to food, healthcare, and shelter.

25. What is the impact of terrorism on human security?

It spreads fear, disrupts societies, and causes loss of life.

26. How do natural disasters affect human security?

They destroy homes, disrupt lives, and increase vulnerability.

27. What is human trafficking?

Illegal trade of humans for exploitation, violating personal security.

28. Why is access to clean water a human security issue?

Lack of water causes health and sanitation crises.

29. What is displacement in terms of human security?

Forced movement due to conflict, disasters, or persecution.

30. Name one region severely affected by human security issues.

Sub-Saharan Africa.

31. How does malnutrition threaten human security?

It weakens health and development, especially in children.

32. What is digital security?

Protection from cyber threats and privacy breaches.

33. How does inequality affect human security?

It creates divisions and limits access to opportunities.

34. How does gender-based violence relate to human security?

It violates the safety and dignity of individuals, especially women.

35. What is the role of education in human security?

Empowers individuals and helps prevent poverty and violence.

36. How does corruption harm human security?

It limits access to services and promotes injustice.

37. What is the human cost of conflict?

Loss of life, trauma, destruction of infrastructure.

38. What is a refugee?

A person forced to flee due to conflict or persecution.

39. How is child labor a human security issue?

It violates children's rights and affects their development.

40. What is the impact of environmental pollution on human security?

It causes health problems and affects quality of life.

41. What is sustainable development?

Development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.

42. How does sustainable development relate to human security?

It ensures long-term access to resources, health, and a stable environment.

43. What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?

A UNDP measure of a country's level of human development.

44. Which three components make up the HDI?

Health, education, and standard of living.

45. What is a human rights-based approach to security?

Approach that promotes dignity, equality, and accountability.

46. Name a global agreement aimed at reducing poverty.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

47. Which SDG directly targets poverty?

Goal 1: No Poverty.

48. Which SDG addresses health and well-being?

Goal 3: Good Health and Well-being.

49. Which SDG promotes gender equality?

Goal 5: Gender Equality.

50. Which SDG targets clean water and sanitation?

Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation.

51. What is the role of NGOs in human security?

They provide relief, education, health care, and advocacy.

52. What is disaster risk reduction (DRR)?

Efforts to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster risks.

53. What is the significance of the Paris Agreement?

It aims to combat climate change and its threats to human security.

54. How can local governance improve human security?

By addressing community-specific needs and empowering people.

55. What is inclusive development?

Development that includes all sections of society.

56. Why is access to information important for human security?

It helps individuals make informed decisions about their lives.

57. What is digital divide?

The gap between those with and without access to digital technology.

58. How can technology enhance human security?

By improving communication, education, and healthcare delivery.

59. What is climate-induced migration?

Displacement due to climate-related disasters or changes.

60. What is food sovereignty?

The right of people to control their own food systems.

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Case Studies & Global Action (Q61–Q80)

61. What was the impact of the Syrian war on human security?

Mass displacement, loss of life, and humanitarian crisis.

62. How has climate change impacted Bangladesh?

Rising sea levels, floods, and displacement of people.

63. Name a human security issue in India.

Farmer suicides due to debt and crop failures.

64. How did COVID-19 highlight human security issues?

It exposed healthcare weaknesses and increased inequality.

65. What is the UNHCR?

United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

66. What does the UNHCR do?

Protects and supports refugees worldwide.

67. What is UNICEF’s role in human security?

Supports children’s health, education, and protection.

68. What is the World Food Programme (WFP)?

Provides food assistance in emergencies and works to combat hunger.

69. What is the function of WHO?

Coordinates international health responses and promotes global health.

70. What is a peacekeeping mission?

UN operations to maintain peace and security in conflict zones.

71. Which UN body oversees human rights protection?

UN Human Rights Council.

72. Name a peacekeeping mission involving India.

UN Mission in Congo (MONUC).

73. How can microfinance support human security?

Provides small loans to improve income and reduce poverty.

74. How does urbanization affect human security?

Can create slums, strain resources, and increase vulnerability.

75. What is the importance of clean energy in human security?

Reduces health hazards and environmental damage.

76. Name a health crisis caused by pollution.

Delhi’s air pollution crisis.

77. What is e-waste?

Discarded electronic devices that harm environment and health.

78. How can education protect against exploitation?

Empowers people to understand and demand their rights.

79. What is a social safety net?

Government programs that support vulnerable populations.

80. What is the significance of early warning systems?

They reduce loss of life by predicting and preparing for disasters.

Contemporary Challenges & Future Directions (Q81–Q100)

81. What is meant by internal displacement?

When people are forced to flee their homes but remain within their country.

82. What is the role of civil society in human security?

Advocates for rights, provides services, and holds governments accountable.

83. What is gender security?

Ensuring safety, equality, and rights of all genders, especially women and LGBTQ+ people.

84. What are non-traditional security threats?

Threats like pandemics, climate change, and cybercrime.

85. Why is mental health important in human security?

It affects emotional well-being and the ability to function in society.

86. What is the impact of drug trafficking on human security?

It increases violence, corruption, and weakens institutions.

87. How does child marriage affect human security?

Violates girls’ rights, affects education, health, and development.

88. What is human development?

Improving people’s well-being, opportunities, and choices.

89. What are slums, and why are they a concern for human security?

Overcrowded, poorly built housing areas with lack of basic services.

90. How can empowerment improve human security?

It allows people to control their lives and resist exploitation.

91. What is climate justice?

Fair treatment of all people regarding climate change responsibilities and impacts.

92. Why is clean air a part of human security?

Polluted air causes respiratory illnesses and reduces quality of life.

93. What is cyber security in the context of human security?

Protection of personal data and systems from digital attacks.

94. What is social cohesion?

A sense of solidarity and belonging among community members.

95. Why is youth participation important in ensuring human security?

Young people bring innovation and are key to sustainable peace.

96. What is the impact of caste discrimination on human security in India?

Limits access to education, jobs, and justice for marginalized groups.

97. How does migration affect human security?

Migrants face risks like exploitation, poor living conditions, and legal insecurity.

98. Why is universal healthcare crucial for human security?

It ensures that everyone can access medical care when needed.

99. What is resilience in the context of human security?

The ability of people and systems to cope with and recover from crises.

100. How can education promote long-term human security?

By developing knowledge, skills, and values that foster peace and prosperity.