Important questions for chapter us hegemony in the world

 1. What does ‘hegemony’ mean?

A) Equality of power

B) Dominance of one state over others

C) Peaceful coexistence

D) Military alliance

Answer: B) Dominance of one state over others

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2. When did the US emerge as the sole superpower?

A) 1945

B) 1989

C) 1991

D) 2001

Answer: C) 1991

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3. Which event marked the formal end of the Cold War?

A) The Gulf War

B) Disintegration of the USSR

C) Formation of NATO

D) Signing of START treaty

Answer: B) Disintegration of the USSR

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4. Operation Desert Storm was a military operation by the US in which country?

A) Vietnam

B) Afghanistan

C) Iraq

D) Iran

Answer: C) Iraq

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5. The concept of 'soft power' was coined by:

A) Joseph Nye

B) Henry Kissinger

C) Noam Chomsky

D) Zbigniew Brzezinski

Answer: A) Joseph Nye

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6. Which ideology dominated the US foreign policy post-1991?

A) Marxism

B) Neo-liberalism

C) Communism

D) Isolationism

Answer: B) Neo-liberalism

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7. Which of the following wars was fought under the leadership of the US in 1991?

A) Vietnam War

B) Korean War

C) Gulf War

D) Afghan War

Answer: C) Gulf War

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8. The US invasion of Iraq in 2003 was officially justified on the grounds of:

A) Oil interests

B) Promoting democracy

C) Presence of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)

D) Supporting Israel

Answer: C) Presence of weapons of mass destruction (WMDs)

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9. The headquarters of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is located in:

A) Washington D.C.

B) New York

C) Geneva

D) Paris

Answer: C) Geneva

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10. Which of the following reflects the US cultural hegemony?

A) Military alliances

B) Promotion of liberal democracy

C) Dominance of Hollywood and American brands

D) UN Peacekeeping missions

Answer: C) Dominance of Hollywood and American brands

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11. Which of the following terms is associated with US military power?

A) Silicon Valley

B) Pentagon

C) White House

D) Wall Street

Answer: B) Pentagon

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12. ‘Global village’ refers to:

A) International military cooperation

B) Economic self-sufficiency

C) Increasing interconnectedness of the world

D) American military bases

Answer: C) Increasing interconnectedness of the world

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13. What is meant by ‘Unipolar World’?

A) One government in the world

B) One dominant center of power

C) Equal distribution of power

D) Multi-level governance

Answer: B) One dominant center of power

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14. The US model of capitalist economy promotes:

A) State-controlled industries

B) Collective farming

C) Free market economy

D) Isolationist policies

Answer: C) Free market economy

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15. Which organization is often seen as influenced by US economic interests?

A) IMF

B) ASEAN

C) SAARC

D) OPEC

Answer: A) IMF

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16. Which of these is NOT a form of US hegemony?

A) Structural power

B) Cultural power

C) Military power

D) Religious power

Answer: D) Religious power

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17. In which year was NATO formed?

A) 1949

B) 1950

C) 1945

D) 1955

Answer: A) 1949

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18. The term “Pax Americana” refers to:

A) American wars

B) American peace

C) American democracy

D) American constitution

Answer: B) American peace

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19. Which US President declared a “War on Terror” after 9/11?

A) Bill Clinton

B) George W. Bush

C) Barack Obama

D) Donald Trump

Answer: B) George W. Bush

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20. Which one of the following was NOT a part of the US hegemony in structural power?

A) World Bank

B) United Nations

C) IMF

D) Apple Inc.

Answer: D) Apple Inc.

Section 2: US Military and Economic Hegemony (21–40)

11. Which of the following best describes US military capability post-Cold War?

A. Inferior to China

B. Equal to Russia

C. Unparalleled global military dominance

D. Dependent on NATO

Answer: C

12. Which organization is most associated with US economic hegemony?

A. NATO

B. BRICS

C. IMF and World Bank

D. OPEC

Answer: C

13. Which international institution reflects US dominance in the global financial system?

A. WTO

B. ASEAN

C. IMF

D. UNHRC

Answer: C

14. What is the full form of WTO?

A. World Technical Order

B. World Trade Organization

C. World Trust Organization

D. Western Trade Order

Answer: B

15. Which currency is often seen as a symbol of US economic power?

A. Euro

B. Pound

C. Yen

D. US Dollar

Answer: D

16. Which of the following wars did the US lead in 2003?

A. Afghan War

B. Gulf War

C. Iraq War

D. Syrian Civil War

Answer: C

17. What was the main justification given by the US for the Iraq War?

A. Oil Reserves

B. Human Rights Violation

C. Weapons of Mass Destruction

D. Religious Extremism

Answer: C

18. Which country did the US invade in 2001 under Operation Enduring Freedom?

A. Iraq

B. Syria

C. Afghanistan

D. Iran

Answer: C

19. Which terrorist group was the main target of the US in Afghanistan?

A. ISIS

B. Taliban

C. Al-Qaeda

D. Boko Haram

Answer: C

20. Who was the President of the United States during the 2003 Iraq War?

A. Barack Obama

B. George W. Bush

C. Bill Clinton

D. Donald Trump

Answer: B

21. The concept of ‘soft power’ was introduced by which scholar?

A. Hans Morgenthau

B. Kenneth Waltz

C. Joseph Nye

D. Francis Fukuyama

Answer: C

22. What does soft power primarily rely on?

A. Military might

B. Economic aid

C. Cultural influence and diplomacy

D. Nuclear weapons

Answer: C

23. Hollywood and American pop culture are examples of which type of power?

A. Hard power

B. Military power

C. Soft power

D. Coercive power

Answer: C

24. Which of these is not a characteristic of US military hegemony?

A. Largest defense budget

B. Global deployment of troops

C. Dependence on foreign militaries

D. Technological superiority

Answer: C

25. Which of the following is a regional military alliance led by the US?

A. SAARC

B. ASEAN

C. NATO

D. OPEC

Answer: C

26. Which of these is the biggest military alliance in the world, led by the US?

A. NATO

B. SEATO

C. Warsaw Pact

D. BRICS

Answer: A

27. Which institution controls global financial aid and policy, often influenced by the US?

A. UNDP

B. IMF

C. ILO

D. WHO

Answer: B

28. US economic aid post-WWII was channeled through which plan?

A. Truman Doctrine

B. Marshall Plan

C. Eisenhower Policy

D. Atlantic Charter

Answer: B

29. Which sector has been a major part of US global soft power?

A. Oil production

B. IT outsourcing

C. Cultural exports

D. Arms trade

Answer: C

30. Which of the following best defines US structural power?

A. Power derived from arms

B. Power derived from cultural and economic influence

C. Power gained by military occupation

D. Power based on alliances

Answer: B

Section 3: US Hegemony – Political, Cultural & Strategic Dimensions (41–60)

31. Which of the following terms best represents the cultural impact of US hegemony?

A. Cultural diversity

B. Cultural assimilation

C. Americanization

D. Orientalism

Answer: C

32. Which of the following is a consequence of US cultural hegemony?

A. Decline in global trade

B. Uniform global military strategies

C. Spread of Western values and lifestyle

D. Rise of communism

Answer: C

33. Which of these is not a part of soft power?

A. Hollywood

B. McDonald’s

C. NATO

D. CNN

Answer: C

34. In which sector does the US exercise hegemonic control through its research and education institutions?

A. Agriculture

B. Space research

C. Higher education

D. Arms manufacturing

Answer: C

35. What does the term 'global public goods' refer to in the context of US hegemony?

A. Goods produced only for Americans

B. Services for free trade, environment, and security

C. Domestically available services

D. Local community-based goods

Answer: B

36. Which of the following best explains the concept of ‘hegemonic war’?

A. War among small states

B. Civil wars within countries

C. War for establishing global dominance

D. Religious wars

Answer: C

37. Which media outlet is considered a major tool of US cultural influence globally?

A. BBC

B. Al Jazeera

C. CNN

D. RT

Answer: C

38. Which of the following is not an effect of US soft power?

A. Globalization of American products

B. Influence of English language

C. Spread of democracy

D. Military occupations

Answer: D

39. The idea that American culture has become dominant globally is linked to which power?

A. Soft power

B. Structural power

C. Military power

D. Authoritarian power

Answer: A

40. The US-led global system post-Cold War is often referred to as:

A. Bipolar world order

B. Unipolar world order

C. Multipolar world order

D. Non-alignment

Answer: B

41. Which of the following nations challenged US hegemony after 2000s?

A. UK

B. France

C. China

D. Canada

Answer: C

42. Which political ideology does the US promote globally through its hegemony?

A. Fascism

B. Communism

C. Democracy

D. Anarchism

Answer: C

43. The US has often used which global issue to justify military interventions?

A. Climate Change

B. Women’s Rights

C. Terrorism

D. Economic Development

Answer: C

44. Which US policy aimed to contain the spread of communism during the Cold War?

A. Bush Doctrine

B. Monroe Doctrine

C. Truman Doctrine

D. Eisenhower Policy

Answer: C

45. Which of the following is a major global military base for the US?

A. Kabul

B. Okinawa

C. Tehran

D. Islamabad

Answer: B

46. Which of the following sectors helped boost American global dominance post-1991?

A. Fisheries

B. Technology and Innovation

C. Textile

D. Agriculture

Answer: B

47. Which term refers to opposition to US hegemony by non-state actors?

A. Proxy war

B. Guerrilla warfare

C. Anti-Americanism

D. Strategic alliance

Answer: C

48. Which global conflict marked the beginning of US military hegemony in the 21st century?

A. Gulf War

B. Iraq War

C. Afghan War

D. Kosovo War

Answer: C

49. The phrase ‘world’s policeman’ is often used to describe which country?

A. China

B. Russia

C. India

D. United States

Answer: D

50. Which country is the largest contributor to the United Nations budget?

A. China

B. United Kingdom

C. Russia

D. United States

Answer: D

Section 4: Resistance, Alternatives & Critiques (61–80)

51. Which of these is an example of a nation opposing US hegemony in the UN?

A. Canada

B. France

C. India

D. Australia

Answer: B

52. Which country’s invasion in 2003 by the US was opposed by many global powers?

A. Afghanistan

B. Iran

C. Syria

D. Iraq

Answer: D

53. Which of the following countries strongly criticized the US action in Iraq in 2003?

A. Japan

B. Russia

C. Saudi Arabia

D. Turkey

Answer: B

54. Which of the following terms best describes the unilateral actions taken by the US?

A. Multilateralism

B. Isolationism

C. Unilateralism

D. Federalism

Answer: C

55. What does the term ‘bandwagon strategy’ mean in international relations?

A. Challenging hegemon

B. Balancing hegemon

C. Aligning with hegemon for benefits

D. Avoiding alliances

Answer: C

56. Which of these is a strategy to resist US hegemony?

A. Isolationism

B. Bandwagoning

C. Balancing power through alliances

D. Capitulation

Answer: C

57. What does ‘non-alignment’ imply in global politics?

A. Support for hegemony

B. Military alliance with US

C. Independence from power blocs

D. Dependence on superpowers

Answer: C

58. Which of the following countries is a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)?

A. USA

B. China

C. India

D. Japan

Answer: C

59. Which movement is an example of global resistance to corporate and cultural US hegemony?

A. Civil Rights Movement

B. Anti-Apartheid Movement

C. Anti-Globalization Movement

D. Green Revolution

Answer: C

60. Which World Social Forum slogan critiques US-led globalization?

A. “Globalization is growth”

B. “Another World is Possible”

C. “Make America Great Again”

D. “Democracy through Strength”

Answer: B

61. Which major power bloc could act as a counterweight to US dominance in the future?

A. SAARC

B. EU

C. G-20

D. AU

Answer: B

62. The term ‘multipolarity’ implies:

A. Two global superpowers

B. One global superpower

C. Multiple global centers of power

D. No power centers

Answer: C

63. Which event shook the confidence in US security post-Cold War?

A. Vietnam War

B. 9/11 Attacks

C. Cuban Missile Crisis

D. Gulf War

Answer: B

64. Who was the mastermind behind the 9/11 attacks?

A. Saddam Hussein

B. Osama bin Laden

C. George Bush

D. Bashar al-Assad

Answer: B

65. Which international military operation was launched by the US in response to 9/11?

A. Operation Desert Storm

B. Operation Enduring Freedom

C. Operation Allied Force

D. Operation Cyclone

Answer: B

66. Which term refers to the dominance of a single state in the international system?

A. Bipolarity

B. Unipolarity

C. Multipolarity

D. Non-alignment

Answer: B

67. The idea that US hegemony maintains international peace and order is known as:

A. Realism

B. Hegemonic Stability Theory

C. World Systems Theory

D. Balance of Power

Answer: B

68. Which of the following US-led alliances was active during the Cold War and still continues?

A. Warsaw Pact

B. NAM

C. NATO

D. SEATO

Answer: C

69. Which of the following is a recent challenge to US hegemony in the digital space?

A. Facebook

B. Apple

C. TikTok and Huawei

D. CNN

Answer: C

70. Which region has been a major theatre of US military interventions post-Cold War?

A. Europe

B. Latin America

C. South-East Asia

D. Middle East

Answer: D

Section 5: Continuity, Decline, and Future of US Hegemony (81–100)

71. Which of the following best describes the nature of US hegemony today?

A. Rapidly expanding

B. Declining but still dominant

C. Replaced by China

D. Completely collapsed

Answer: B

72. Which Asian country is increasingly seen as a competitor to US hegemony?

A. India

B. Japan

C. South Korea

D. China

Answer: D

73. Which of the following represents US hegemony in digital technology?

A. TikTok

B. Huawei

C. Google and Microsoft

D. Baidu

Answer: C

74. What is the main challenge to US hegemony in the 21st century?

A. Military alliances

B. Global warming

C. Rise of other powers like China and Russia

D. UN sanctions

Answer: C

75. Which of the following countries is part of the BRICS grouping challenging US-led economic dominance?

A. Japan

B. Germany

C. Brazil

D. Canada

Answer: C

76. Which organization promotes alternative global financial structures to those dominated by the US?

A. NATO

B. WTO

C. BRICS Bank (New Development Bank)

D. IMF

Answer: C

77. Which of the following is an emerging military alliance seen as balancing US power?

A. ASEAN

B. Quad

C. G-7

D. EU

Answer: B

78. Which of the following statements about US hegemony is incorrect?

A. It is solely military in nature

B. It includes cultural dominance

C. It is backed by economic power

D. It faces challenges from rising powers

Answer: A

79. The US-led liberal international order is based on the promotion of:

A. Feudalism

B. Protectionism

C. Democracy and capitalism

D. Isolationism

Answer: C

80. Which US foreign policy principle justified intervention in Latin America in the 19th century?

A. Truman Doctrine

B. Monroe Doctrine

C. Bush Doctrine

D. Nixon Doctrine

Answer: B

81. Which of the following is a new domain of strategic competition involving the US?

A. Outer Space

B. Oceans only

C. Arctic only

D. Mountains

Answer: A

82. The phrase “Empire by Invitation” refers to US influence in which region post-WWII?

A. Asia

B. Africa

C. Europe

D. Latin America

Answer: C

83. Which of the following is a criticism of US cultural hegemony?

A. It promotes local cultures

B. It supports linguistic diversity

C. It leads to cultural homogenization

D. It preserves ancient traditions

Answer: C

84. US-led international aid often promotes:

A. Communist ideology

B. Democratic institutions

C. Dictatorship

D. Feudal economies

Answer: B

85. Which doctrine was used by the US to justify the 2001 war in Afghanistan?

A. Bush Doctrine

B. Truman Doctrine

C. Obama Doctrine

D. Wilson Doctrine

Answer: A

86. Which global organization, heavily influenced by the US, governs international trade?

A. IMF

B. World Bank

C. WTO

D. OPEC

Answer: C

87. Which term best describes the role of the US in global internet governance?

A. Passive observer

B. Global regulator

C. Key architect and controller

D. Isolated actor

Answer: C

88. Which recent alliance is seen as a counter to US dominance in the Indo-Pacific?

A. NATO

B. OPEC

C. AUKUS

D. NAFTA

Answer: C

89. Which country has the second-largest defense budget after the US?

A. India

B. Russia

C. China

D. UK

Answer: C

90. The spread of American fast food chains globally is an example of:

A. Economic power

B. Strategic policy

C. Cultural imperialism

D. Agricultural diplomacy

Answer: C

91. Which country did the US accuse of hacking and interfering in its elections?

A. India

B. Brazil

C. Russia

D. UK

Answer: C

92. Which event marked the beginning of US military withdrawal from global conflict zones?

A. Iraq invasion

B. Vietnam War

C. Withdrawal from Afghanistan (2021)

D. Cold War

Answer: C

93. Which US president emphasized "America First" in foreign policy?

A. Barack Obama

B. Joe Biden

C. Donald Trump

D. George W. Bush

Answer: C

94. The concept of ‘Pax Americana’ refers to:

A. American empire-building

B. Peace maintained by American power

C. American colonization

D. Economic stagnation

Answer: B

95. Which international climate agreement did the US withdraw from under Trump?

A. Montreal Protocol

B. Kyoto Protocol

C. Paris Agreement

D. Rio Declaration

Answer: C

96. The future of US hegemony is increasingly tied to its role in managing:

A. Colonial territories

B. Cybersecurity and digital governance

C. Gold reserves

D. Maritime routes

Answer: B

97. The idea that US hegemony is beneficial for global order is most closely tied to which theory?

A. Marxism

B. Realism

C. Hegemonic Stability Theory

D. Constructivism

Answer: C

98. Which of the following illustrates resistance to US-led globalization?

A. Free trade

B. World Social Forum

C. NATO expansion

D. IMF lending

Answer: B

99. Which of the following best summarizes a critique of US hegemony?

A. It promotes balanced power

B. It ensures global peace

C. It often bypasses multilateral institutions

D. It strengthens the UN

Answer: C

100. Which of the following future trends could reshape the nature of US hegemony?

A. Global nuclear disarmament

B. Rise of new powers like China and India

C. Discovery of new continents

D. Decline in internet use

Answer: B